The Effect of the 11+ Program on Injury Prevention in soccer: A Review

Abstract

Soccer is the most popular team sport worldwide. It is characterized by high-intensity actions and frequent physical contact, which lead to high injury rates. The hamstrings, knee joint, and ankle are particularly affected. Reduced muscle strength and endurance, low cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as limited proprioception and flexibility, are key risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries. The aim of this review was to examine the effect of the 11+ injury prevention program on reducing injuries in soccer.
The methodology was based on the collection and analysis of data from the international literature, focusing on studies that examined the effectiveness of the 11+ at different levels of soccer players. The search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords related to FIFA 11+ and injury prevention, covering the period 2006–2024. In total, ten studies were analyzed, including male and female players, mainly youth and amateur players, to evaluate the program’s effectiveness across different populations.
The 11+ is a comprehensive warm-up program that includes running, neuromuscular exercises, balance training, dynamic stretching, strength exercises, and plyometric drills, with the primary aim of reducing injury incidence in soccer players. According to the studies analyzed, implementing the program 2–3 times per week, for a duration ranging from 8 weeks to 18 months, can reduce overall injury rates by 30–70%. The greatest benefits are observed in teams with high compliance and in young female soccer players.
The 11+ is a low-cost and easy-to-implement program, and it is considered essential to be incorporated into training routines for both youth and professional soccer players, in order to support their health and enhance their competitive readiness. In conclusion, the 11+ significantly contributes to reducing injury incidence, preventing severe musculoskeletal injuries, and improving the overall physical fitness of soccer players.